Abstract
Background: Procedural sedation with a combination of propofol and ketamine for short-duration surgeries is a convenient technique of anesthesia as it has a faster recovery avoiding the side effects of general anesthesia. The aim of this study was to compare the sedative and analgesic effects of two different proportions of ketamine and propofol combination in patients undergoing short gynecological procedures.Methods: A randomized double-blind study was conducted in 140 patients posted for elective gynecological procedures with a duration equal to or less than 30 minutes. After premedication of all participants, sedation was induced with bolus administration (0.1 mL/kg) of the study drugs to achieve desired Ramsay sedation score (RSS) of 6, followed by infusion at 0.3 mL/kg/h (Group A, ketamine:propofol in the ratio of 1:4 and Group B, ketamine:propofol in the ratio of 1:2). The adequacy of sedation, volume of drug to induce the patient, time to achieve desired RSS, time for first bolus dose, the total volume of the drugs, hemodynamic variables, awakening time, and side effects were observed.Results: The incidence of movement of lower extremities was found to be significantly lower in the higher concentration ketamine group (Group B, P - 0.028). The volume of a drug for induction and the duration to reach RSS of 6 were significantly lower in Group B with P-values of 0.002 and <0.001, respectively. Hemodynamic variables, awakening time, and side effects were not statistically significant between the two groups.Conclusion: Ketamine-propofol combination in the ratio 1:2 provides better sedation and analgesia with no increased side-effects compared to ketamine-propofol in the ratio 1:4 for short outpatient gynecological procedures.
Highlights
Short gynecological procedures are mostly done as outpatient day-case procedures where the patients are discharged on the same day of admission after the intended procedure
The data are represented as mean± standard deviation (SD) and analyzed using unpaired student’s t-test
The incidence of movement in lower extremities that correlates with the number of patients receiving bolus doses was significantly lower in Group B (30,42.9%) compared to group A (43, 61.4%) with a P-value of 0.028
Summary
Short gynecological procedures are mostly done as outpatient day-case procedures where the patients are discharged on the same day of admission after the intended procedure. The opposing hemodynamic and respiratory effects of each drug may enhance the use of this combination thereby increasing both safety and efficacy and allowing a reduction in the dose of propofol required to achieve sedation and decrease the need for supplemental opioid analgesics [2,3]. The primary objective of the study was to compare the adequacy of sedation and analgesia provided by two different ratios of ketamine propofol combination in patients undergoing short gynecological outpatient procedures. The aim of this study was to compare the sedative and analgesic effects of two different proportions of ketamine and propofol combination in patients undergoing short gynecological procedures
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