Problems of solid radioactive waste management on the example of the radioactive isotope 14C

Abstract

The management of irradiated graphite waste continues to attract the attention of specialists from a number of related industries, in connection with the technical and economic component, along with the fact that solid radioactive waste entering the environment in the process of disposal acquires biogenic character. The environmental safety of solid radioactive waste management is associated with the possibility of biologically significant 14C to enter the human body.
 Resulting from the development of the nuclear industry, 14C has become one of the causes of global and local pollution. The consequences of thermonuclear explosions, operation of nuclear power plants, as well as nuclear fuel cycle enterprises, isotope production for the production of drugs labeled with 14C, research institutions are considered as sources of 14C.
 The world output of accumulated reactor graphite is estimated at 250,000 tons. In the Russian Federation, the total volume is approximately 60,000 tons of graphite. The share of accumulated irradiated graphite in Russia comprises 24% of the total volume of accumulated graphite.
 Having studied and analyzed the statistical data of scientific research, using the methods of generalized data processing, systematization and comparative analysis, we have taken the liberty to make a general conclusion about modern approaches and the relevance of solving the problem of SRW management on the example of the 14C radioactive isotope.