Abstract
Modelling and computer simulation for the purpose of design and operation of industrial fixed-bed reactors are discussed with the aid of examples. Emphasis is laid upon difficulties and problems arising from aiming at an adequate model formulation. The following aspects are discussed in some detail: 1) The influence of heat and mass transport in the catalyst pellet, especially with complex reactions. 2) Relationships between radial heat transfer and radial flow profile and its influence upon the temperature profile in packed tubes with or without heat generation by reaction. 3) Problems of adequate modelling of catalyst activity changes during the course of operation. 4) Scale-up problem of multitubular fixed-bed reactors, i.e. the problem of achieving and maintaining the same operating conditions in and around all the tubes of the bundle.
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