Abstract
Abstract Intervention during circulatory insufficiency invariably produces certain basic changes in the blood itself and, as a consequence, in the functional aspects of blood-tissue exchange. Several categories of disturbances can be recognized: 1) Changes in the fluidity of the blood as a consequence of activation of blood coagulation mechanisms; 2) alterations in the physical properties of the red blood cells leading to abnormally high shear forces at the blood stream-vessel wall interface and to hemolysis; 3) inability of artificial systems to maintain integrity of vascular endothelium, and the blood capillary barrier in particular; 4) red blood cell aggregation and changes in the rheological properties of the blood. The use of anticoagulants to avoid blood clotting leads to a loss in blood capillary integrity and suggests that it is necessary first to establish the factor in the blood clotting mechanism associated with normal permeability of the vessel wall. Macromolecules such as albumin are necessar...
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