Problems and methods of improving the quality of jaw crushers

Abstract

Practically in all metallurgical treatment the raw product needs to be crushed by crushing machines. The main indicator of the crushers quality, which characterize their technical level and competitiveness, is their reliability and durability in the operating conditions, which can be quantitatively assessed by the number of failures in the process of obtaining the finished product on the machine. Among numerous technical reasons for the relatively short, but rather frequent downtimes in the operating conditions of jaw crushers, a significant place is occupied by the downtimes associated with the replacement of the plain bearing liners due to their wear. The rapid wear of liners is the result of not only contact friction between the axle trunnions and liners, but also the action of dynamic forces. The dynamic forces arising from the operation of jaw crushers are due to the presence of a gap in the kinematic pair of link junctions and velocities discrete values of the relative displacement of the links inside the gaps of the friction bearing. Consequently, the reliable operation of the machine largely depends on the creation of conditions that ensure the backlash-free contact of the mating links. It was experimentally proven that the use of mechanisms for taking up the wear of bearings with elastic elements that during the entire cycle of operation of the crank-beam mechanism taking up the wear in the kinematic pairs mating, prevents the appearance of additional dynamic loads and, thereby, increases the reliability of jaw crushers. Thus, the quality of the machine increases, as well as its productivity.