Abstract

THE first of Prof. Doflein's studies, that on the Try-panosomata, was noticed in NATURE of June 24, 1909, p. 489. The present work deals with the Spirochaetæ, spirillar micro-organisms met with in ditch water and also in connection with many diseases, such as the relapsing fevers and syphilis, and as commensal parasites in the fresh-water mussel, &c. Some are doubtless vegetable in nature, but many must probably be regarded as belonging to the protozoa. From a critical survey of the minute structure of several species the author divides the spirochaetes into three groups: (1) Spiro-chaeta, with a central staining filament; (2) Cristispira, with a marginal staining filament; and (3) spirochaetes with a flattened band or lamella. He does not consider that sexually differentiated individuals have been proved to occur. The pathogenic forms, like many trypanosomes, are transmitted by blood-sucking arthropods, principally ticks. The essay is illustrated with many figures, and is a useful contribution to this important subject. Probleme der Protistenkunde. By Prof. F. Doflein Die Natur der Spirochaeten. Pp. vi + 36. (Jena: G. Fischer, 1911.) Price 1.20 marks.

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