Abstract
This theoretical study problematizes fragmented policies and governances of environment in Cambodia, drawing on some case studies of decentralization policy. The analysis through extensive literature review ascribes the cause of fragmentation to international aid dependence, which allows scientists to intervene in developing governance reform and policy-making process under the name of Technical-Assistance. The nature of social science will be examined by detailing Max Weber’s proposition that signals a limitation of science methodology in developing social policy. The exploration distinguishes two modes of human thinking to explain the cause of fragmentation: ‘analytical/calculative thinking’ and ‘reflective thinking’. Through the above theoretical investigation, the result indicates a need of a new educational program that fosters ‘reflective thinking’ and dialogue among different disciplines and sectors for adaptive policy-governance assistance.
Highlights
Cambodia is known for its rich biodiversity and natural resources (NR), possessing one of the highest forest cover rates in Southeast Asia (Ministry of Environment (MoE), 2016)
By reviewing the preceding literature, this paper will focus on the fragmented status of environmental governance and attempt a theoretical explanation of fragmentation as a fundamental factor of the vice effects caused by aid-dependence
It is reported that the legal documents have been developed exclusively by the government officials and development partners, as symbolically voiced in the early days of 1998 election period: “We find it very difficult to get
Summary
Cambodia is known for its rich biodiversity and natural resources (NR), possessing one of the highest forest cover rates in Southeast Asia (MoE, 2016). Though it will continue to be classified as a Least Developed Country (LDC) by the United Nations (UN, 2016: 163; ILO, 2017), 7% GDP growth in 2016-2017 indicates that rapid economic growth is ongoing (WB, 2016). This growth, has put huge pressures on the national environment and NR. In 2016, the Environmental Performance Index published by the Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy downgraded Cambodia from 145th out of 178 countries to 146th, due to an absence of effective environmental regulations and management systems (YCELP, 2016)
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