Abstract
The article deals with the topical issue of the current information age, related to the legal protection of genetic data as a special category of personal data. This article presents an analysis of the current legal regulation of DNA processing for forensic purposes in the context of the legal protection of genetic data. The processing of DNA profiles for forensic purposes is an issue to which the Office for Personal Data Protection has paid considerable attention, especially with regard to the constant topicality and sensitivity of this topic. Therefore, the article also focuses on the Office’s decision-making practice in matters of processing DNA profiles for forensic purposes in the light of the case law of administrative courts. The author considered both some particular consequences of the impact of current legal regulation as well as the subjective perception of these impacts. The aim of the article is to contribute to raising the awareness about the risks of the processing of DNA profiles for forensic purposes based on the current legal regulation and to contribute to explaining the importance of applying the principle of proportionality as one of the key principles of personal data protection in the processing of genetic data. Based on the analysis, the article concludes that in the case of DNA processing for forensic purposes by the Czech Police, it is therefore necessary to balance the interest of the police and the general public in clarifying crime with the right to privacy, especially personal data protection, according to which the interference with personal rights must always be in proportion to the seriousness of the committed crime or criminal accusation.
Highlights
DNA Processing for Forensic Purposes from the Point of View of Data Protection The article deals with the topical issue of the current information age, related to the legal protection of genetic data as a special category of personal data
This article presents an analysis of the current legal regulation of DNA processing for forensic purposes in the context of the legal protection of genetic data
The aim of the article is to contribute to raising the awareness about the risks of the processing of DNA profiles for forensic purposes based on the current legal regulation and to explain the importance of applying the principle of proportionality as one of the key principles of personal data protection in the processing of genetic data
Summary
DNA je zkrácený výraz pro kyselinu deoxyribonukleovou, která je nositelkou genetické informace a vyskytuje se ve všech živých buněčných organismech. Pokud tedy policista předmětné osobní údaje získal od dotčené osoby jiným způsobem, nebyl k odběru DNA vůbec oprávněn, a to ani s případným souhlasem dotčených osob, neboť státní moc lze dle ustanovení čl. 283/1991 Sb. PČR byla k takovému zpracování osobních údajů oprávněna, bylo-li to s ohledem na povahu trestného činu nezbytné pro plnění úkolů policie v souvislosti s trestním řízením. Aby zpracování citlivých osobních údajů souviselo pouze se spácháním úmyslného trestného činu jako v ustanovení § 42e odst. 283/1991 Sb. bylo pouze stanoveno, že: „Policie nejméně jednou za 3 roky prověřuje, jsou-li zpracovávané osobní údaje nadále potřebné pro plnění úkolů policie v souvislosti s trestním řízením nebo při pátrání po osobách.“ V případě další nepotřebnosti měla PČR provést bez zbytečného odkladu likvidaci těchto osobních údajů.
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