Abstract
BackgroundProblematic pornography use is considered an addictive behavior, which is an important clinical issue. Despite considerable research interest in problematic pornography use worldwide, to the best of our knowledge, there are no extant studies on the subject in Japan. Therefore, despite the fact that many people in Japan use pornography, the difference between problematic and non-problematic users among Japanese people is not known.ObjectiveThis study aimed to identify the characteristics of problematic pornography use among Japanese students, to the best of our knowledge. Specifically, we examined general psychopathological symptoms, sexual compulsivity, depression, anxiety, and low effortful control.MethodsThe participants were 150 college students aged 20–26 years (mean age = 21.5, SD = 1.21, males: n = 86, females: n = 64) at a university in midland Japan. An online questionnaire was administered that included items on pornography usage patterns, impaired control of pornography use, sexual compulsivity, depression, anxiety, and effortful control.ResultsMost men (97%) and approximately one-third of women (35.9%) used pornography at least once in the past month. Some users reported significant daily-life problems due to difficulty in controlling pornography use (5.7%). Participants with impaired control of pornography use had higher depression, anxiety, and sexual compulsivity, and lower effortful control than pornography users without impaired control.ConclusionSome Japanese students reported significant daily-life problems due to impaired control of pornography use. The characteristics of individuals with impaired control are consistent with previous studies. The results of this study suggest that individuals with impaired control may have poor mental health, and that there is need for further research and development of treatment systems to manage this issue in Japan. Further research exploring a more varied sample in Japan is required to effectively examine problematic pornography use.
Highlights
Pornography use is an increasingly common behavior worldwide
Problematic pornography use could be interpreted in a behavioral addiction framework, which includes the six core components of addiction (Griffiths, 2005): salience, mood modification, withdrawal, tolerance, relapse, and conflict (Fernandez and Griffiths, 2019; Chen and Jiang, 2020)
The current study aimed to identify the characteristics of pornography use and of individuals who experience problematic pornography use among Japanese students
Summary
Pornography use is an increasingly common behavior worldwide. many users have reported positive effects of pornography use (Hald and Malamuth, 2008), some have reported negative effects due to excessive use (Gola and Potenza, 2016). According to a recent review, many studies describe excessive pornography use as having a negative effect as a potential behavioral addiction, such as internet addiction (de Alarcón et al, 2019). It is referred to as problematic pornography use (Fernandez and Griffiths, 2019), and is characterized by control difficulties, excessive use, avoidance of negative emotions, and persistent use despite negative consequences (Kor et al, 2014). Despite considerable research interest in problematic pornography use worldwide, to the best of our knowledge, there are no extant studies on the subject in Japan. Despite the fact that many people in Japan use pornography, the difference between problematic and non-problematic users among Japanese people is not known
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