Problematic Issues and Organization of the Fight against Illegal Export of Capital to Offshore Zones

Abstract

In modern conditions, world power structures are actively looking for effective ways to minimize the risks posed by criminal schemes related to the withdrawal of capital to offshore zones. These wrongful acts have adverse economic consequences both for individual countries and for the entire world economy. They facilitate laundering of criminal money and prevent anonymous identification of sources of income for smugglers who illegally move illicit substances, drugs and weapons across borders. The article defines the notion and gives a brief history of the emergence of offshore zones and the reasons for their being in demand in the modern world. Real examples of illegal export of capital from Russia abroad are given, as well as some statistical data in dynamics on the number of cases identified and initiated by the Russian customs office. Legislative initiatives aimed at minimizing losses from criminal currency export schemes and motivating persons to return previously exported funds have been analysed. World trends in the organization of control and fight against illegal export of funds to offshore zones, also in order to prevent financing of terrorism, are considered. Options for solving problematic issues in this sphere are proposed.