Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the alimentary tract whose incidence has been increasing over the past few years. Even though there is a complex interplay of several factors in the pathogenesis of IBD, a decrease in the diversity of intestinal microbiome is commonly found in patients. Extensive research is directed towards the alteration of this microbiome to improve the symptoms of IBD. Probiotics, prebiotics, antibiotics, and diet are studied in this regard extensively. Among them, probiotics have gained more interest as some of the studies showed them to be effective in decreasing gut inflammation in vitro and in vivo. Although there is no cure for IBD as of today, the available medications do decrease gut inflammation and help prolong remission and decrease relapse rates. But their side effects preclude their long-term use. Probiotics may be a ray of hope among IBD patients as they are apparently safe. This article reviews each of the available literature from the past 10 years to see if there is any certain role of probiotics in induction, maintenance of remission, prevention of relapse, and improvement in the quality of life in IBD patients.
Highlights
BackgroundInflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which consists of two patterns, ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), is a chronic inflammatory condition
Even though there is a complex interplay of several factors in the pathogenesis of IBD, a decrease in the diversity of intestinal microbiome is commonly found in patients
Probiotics may be a ray of hope among IBD patients as they are apparently safe
Summary
BackgroundInflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which consists of two patterns, ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), is a chronic inflammatory condition. Environmental factors like smoking, diet, microbiota, and medications are modifiable and have been extensively studied in recent times [1]. The reason for this growing interest is, despite the advances in genetics, only about 25% of IBD cases are known to be heritable. There is a constant search for therapies that would induce and continue remission in IBD patients with minimum side effects. In this regard, probiotics have gained interest in recent times
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