Abstract
Probiotical cell fragments (PCFs) are structural components of the probiotic cell lysate(s) and exhibit similar beneficial effects on the host as live probiotic bacteria. With cell fragment technology (CFT?), the structural fragments are isolated and purified from live probiotic cells. While observed to be strain-dependent as in the case of live probiotics, orally administered PCFs demonstrated a broad spectrum of immune modulation functions; anti-allergy; anti-inflammation; anti-bacterial and anti-viral properties; anti-mutagenic; and radioprotective and detoxification abilities in humans and animals. The PCFs mechanisms of action include events of motifs of cell wall peptidoglycans, DNA motifs, nucleotide containing components, lipoteichoic acids (LPAs), surface layer (S-layer) proteins, and cytoplasmic proteins. Different immunological in vivo-in vitro tests have shown that PCFs, essentially, have the ability to stimulate the macrophages, and induce cytokines such as interleukins, tumor necrosis factors (TNFs), interferons (IFNs), and natural killer (NK) cells. PCFs may be used as ingredients for foods and beverages or as nutritional supplements with long term stability and shelf-life up to 5 years. PCFs may also be used as health restorative ingredients in cosmetic products. The outcome of probiotics CFT? stands as an advantage to the food and pharmaceutical industries, regarding the formulation of novel products with unadulterated sensory characteristics of origin. Hence, PCFs are being characterized here as “novel nutraceutical ingredients” for health maintenance in both humans and animals.
Highlights
Probiotics are live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host [1]
Our research has shown that oral administration of Probiotical Cell Fragments (PCFs) in mice manifested a high level of the tumor necrosis factors (TNFs) within 8 h of ingestion (Figure 6)
It will be attractive to see paraprobiotics in the form of PCFs and packaged as: 1) Nutritional supplements, and can be included in liquid foods, powder foods, gels, creams, gummies, pills and sprays; 2) specific drugs that are intended to relieve or mitigate, cure, or prevent infections and diseases; 3) food additives intended for beverages, ready-to-eat foods, and functional foods; 4) direct-feed lysates meant to be fed to animals that produce the foods and/or those which requiring support for health issues; 5) starter-culture stabilizers for many nourishers; 6) cosmetics meant for retarding the significant effects of aging, and so on
Summary
Probiotics are live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host [1]. The dynamic cellular structures from probiotics or paraprobiotics (including their derivatives or metabolites) can be categorized into different fragments These active fragments, metabolites, or derivatives are expressed as immunogenics (Figure 1) [3]-[5]. Among these fragments of which some are immunogenics, the expression “probiotical cell fragments” or PCFs is assigned to them (see Figure 3)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
