Probiotic Properties and Immunomodulatory Activity of Lactobacillus Strains Isolated from Dairy Products.

Luz María Rocha-Ramírez,Ulises Hernández-Chiñas,Arturo Ramírez-Pacheco,Silvia Selene Moreno-Guerrero,Carlos A Eslava

doi:10.3390/microorganisms9040825

Abstract

Lactobacilli species are an effective biotherapeutic alternative against bacterial infections and intestinal inflammatory disorders. However, it is important to evaluate their beneficial properties, before considering them as probiotics for medical use. In this study we evaluated some probiotic properties of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, Lactobacillus rhamnosus KLSD, Lactobacillus helveticus IMAU70129, and Lactobacillus casei IMAU60214 previously isolated from dairy products and as control Lactobacillus casei Shirota. Experimental evaluations revealed that all strains expressed hydrophobicity (25–40%), auto-aggregation (55–60%), NaCl tolerance (1–4%), adhesion to Caco-2 cells (25–33%), partial inhibition on adherence of Escherichia coli ATCC 35218, Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 14028, and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 23219. Cell-free supernatants (CFS) of Lactobacilli also inhibit growth of these pathogens. In immunomodulatory properties a reduction of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and nitric oxide (NO) release was observed in assays with Caco-2 cells stimulated with interleukin-1β (1 ng/mL), or lipopolysaccharide (0.1 µg/mL). On the other hand, the damage induced to Caco-2 cells with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was attenuated when the cultured cells were pretreated with L. rhamnosus KLDS, L. helveticus IMAU70129 and L. casei IMAU60214. These Lactobacilli possess probiotic properties determined by both an antagonistic activity on pathogenic bacteria and reduction in the inflammatory response of cells treated with SDS, a pro-inflammatory stimulant.

Highlights

The human gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is colonized by different microorganisms known as intestinal microbiota, which establish a symbiotic relationship with their host contributing to its homeostasis [1]
The microbiota of the GIT belongs to the Firmicutes, Bacteroides, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria phyla principally and different studies have shown that gut microbiota composition changes are associated with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), type II diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, autism, and Parkinson’s disease [4,5]
The results showed that some of the Lactobacillus strains evaluated induced a significant decrease in the adherence of pathogens to Caco-2 cells when compared with the reference probiotic L. casei strain Shirota (Figure 5)

Summary

Introduction

The human gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is colonized by different microorganisms known as intestinal microbiota, which establish a symbiotic relationship with their host contributing to its homeostasis [1]. Intestinal microbiota contributes among other factors to intestinal mucosa maturation, functional digestion, metabolic homeostasis, protection against pathogens and immune regulation [2,3]. The microbiota of the GIT belongs to the Firmicutes, Bacteroides, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria phyla principally and different studies have shown that gut microbiota composition changes are associated with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), type II diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, autism, and Parkinson’s disease [4,5]. Clinical studies have shown positive effects on these alterations

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Conclusion