Abstract
The global prevalence of obesity is rising year by year, which has become a public health problem worldwide. In recent years, animal studies and clinical studies have shown that some lactic acid bacteria possess an anti-obesity effect. In our previous study, mixed lactobacilli (Lactobacillus plantarum KLDS1.0344 and Lactobacillus plantarum KLDS1.0386) exhibited anti-obesity effects in vivo by significantly reducing body weight gain, Lee’s index and body fat rate; however, its underlying mechanisms of action remain unclear. Therefore, the present study aims to explore the possible mechanisms for the inhibitory effect of mixed lactobacilli on obesity. C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into three groups including control group (Control), high fat diet group (HFD) and mixed lactobacilli group (MX), and fed daily for eight consecutive weeks. The results showed that mixed lactobacilli supplementation significantly improved blood lipid levels and liver function, and alleviated liver oxidative stress. Moreover, the mixed lactobacilli supplementation significantly inhibited lipid accumulation in the liver and regulated lipid metabolism in epididymal fat pads. Notably, the mixed lactobacilli treatment modulated the gut microbiota, resulting in a significant increase in acetic acid and butyric acid. Additionally, Spearman’s correlation analysis found that several specific genera were significantly correlated with obesity-related indicators. These results indicated that the mixed lactobacilli supplementation could manipulate the gut microbiota and its metabolites (acetic acid and butyric acid), resulting in reduced liver lipid accumulation and improved lipid metabolism of adipose tissue, which inhibited obesity.
Highlights
Obesity has become a worldwide epidemic disease and has a serious impact on the healthy development of the human body, which is a major hidden danger to public health (Risk and Factor Collaboration, 2016; Lu J. et al, 2016; Solas et al, 2017)
Obesity is defined by the World Health Organization as an excessive accumulation of fat that may be harmful to health and is diagnosed when body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2 (Prospective Studies and Collaboration, 2009)
The results showed that the combined treatment of L. plantarum KLDS1.0344 and L. plantarum KLDS1.0386 could significantly improve some obesity-related indicators in high fat diet-fed mice, including body weight gain, Lee’ s index, and body fat rate, etc. which established its effect in inhibiting obesity (Lu J. et al, 2019)
Summary
Obesity has become a worldwide epidemic disease and has a serious impact on the healthy development of the human body, which is a major hidden danger to public health (Risk and Factor Collaboration, 2016; Lu J. et al, 2016; Solas et al, 2017). GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT | The mixed lactobacilli (Lactobacillus plantarum KLDS1.0344 and Lactobacillus plantarum KLDS1.0386) prevented high fat diet-induced obesity via regulating gut microbiota and lipid metabolism of the adipose tissue and inhibiting liver lipid accumulation in mice. Obesity is defined by the World Health Organization as an excessive accumulation of fat that may be harmful to health and is diagnosed when body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2 (Prospective Studies and Collaboration, 2009). The intake of a large amount of high-sugar and high-fat food, sedentary work style and less physical exercise cause the energy intake to be larger than the energy consumption of the body, which will lead to the accumulation of excessive triglyceride in liver, kidney week and adipose tissue, causing obesity (Hurt et al, 2010; Heymsfield and Wadden, 2017; Bluher, 2019). Obesity can increase the risk of various diseases such as cardiovascular disease (Oikonomou and Antoniades, 2019), type 2 diabetes (Dietz, 2017), osteoarthritis (Schott et al, 2018), Alzheimer’s disease (Solas et al, 2017), anxiety (Ogrodnik et al, 2019), depression (Tyrrell et al, 2018), and certain cancers [for example breast cancer (Picon-Ruiz et al, 2017; Hao et al, 2018), colorectal cancer (Wunderlich et al, 2018), pancreatic cancer (Zaytouni et al, 2017), stomach cancer (Murphy et al, 2018) and liver cancer (Shin et al, 2013)]
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