Probing the Nature of the CoIIIIon in Corrins: The Structural and Electronic Properties of Dicyano- and Aquacyanocobyrinic Acid Heptamethyl Ester and a Stable Yellow Dicyano- and Aquacyanocobyrinic Acid Heptamethyl Ester

Abstract

A stable yellow derivative of cobyrinic acid heptamethyl ester, (5R,6R)-Coα,Coβ-dicyano-5,6-dihydro-5-hydroxy-heptamethylcob(III)yrinate-c,6-lactone (DCSYCbs), was prepared from dicyanocobyrinic acid heptamethyl ester (DCCbs). The C5 carbon is oxidized and the c side chain cyclized to form a lactone at C6; the 13 atom, 14 π-e(-) delocalized system of corrins is interrupted, giving a triazamethine system with four conjugated double bonds between N22 and N24 and an isolated double bond between N21 and C4. Stable yellow aquacyanocobyrinic acid heptamethyl ester (ACSYCbs) was prepared by driving off HCN with N(2) in a methanol/acetic acid solution. The electronic spectra of DCCbs and DCSYCbs appear similar except that the bands in DCSYCbs are shifted to shorter wavelengths and the γ-band is much less intense. The experimental spectra were adequately modeled using TD-DFT at the PBE1PBE/6-311G(d,p) level of theory. DCSYCbs crystallizes in the space group P2(1)2(1)2(1) (R(1) = 6.08%) with Z = 4, including one methanol solvent molecule and one water molecule per cobester. The addition of a hydroxyl group at C5 causes loss of the double bond between C5 and C6 and elongation of the C5-C6 bond. From a combination of two-dimensional (1)H TOCSY and ROESY NMR spectra and (1)H/(13)C HSQC and HMBC data, the complete (1)H and (13)C NMR assignments of DCSYCbs were possible, except for two of the ester methyl groups and the (13)C resonances of the two axial cyanide ligands. The latter were assigned using relative chemical shifts calculated by GIAO-DFT methods. The (59)Co resonance of DCCbs was observed at 4074 ppm while that of DCSYCbs is shifted downfield to 4298 ppm. Comparison with available (59)Co data of analogous systems suggests that the more π-conjugated corrin of DCCbs interacts more strongly with the metal than the less extensively conjugated macrocycle of DCSYCbs. As the strength of the interaction between Co(III) and an equatorial macrocycle increases, ν(CN) of axially coordinated CN(-) shifts to lower frequency; in DCSYCbs and DCCbs ν(CN) occurs at 2138 and 2123 cm(-1), respectively. Hence the corrin ligand in DCCbs interacts more strongly with the metal than the stable yellow corrin ligand, with its diminished conjugation. The UV-vis spectral data and DFT-calculated MOs are consistent with greater overlap between the corrin and the metal orbitals in DCCbs relative to DCSYCbs, which gives the metal in the former a softer, more covalent character.