Abstract
We consider the light Z′ explanation of the muon g − 2 anomaly. Even if such a Z′ has no tree-level coupling to electrons, in general one will be induced at loop-level. We show that future beam dump experiments are powerful enough to place stringent constraints on—or discover—a Z′ with loop-suppressed couplings to electrons. Such bounds are avoided only if the Z′ has a large interaction with neutrinos, in which case the scenario will be bounded by ongoing neutrino scattering experiments. The complementarity between beam dump and neutrino scattering experiments therefore indicates that there are good prospects of probing a large part of the Z′ parameter space in the near future.
Highlights
In reality, the situation is not so straightforward
We show that future beam dump experiments are powerful enough to place stringent constraints on—or discover—a Z with loop-suppressed couplings to electrons
Using the results obtained in the previous sections, in figure 6 we present the prospects of probing the Z as a solution to the muon g −2 anomaly in future beam dump (BD) experiments
Summary
We consider a generic framework in which a weakly-coupled, neutral vector boson Z , typically originating from hidden U(1) extensions of the SM, is coupled to relevant SM fermions (denoted as f ) as follows:. The gf should be viewed as effective couplings They may be fundamental, induced by kinetic or mass mixing (see the discussion ), or generated by loop-level processes (see for instance [58]). One could introduce an axial coupling when considering non-chiral fermions, in our phenomenological analysis we will assume that the charged leptons couple purely vectorially to the Z. This provides the most economical solution to the (g − 2)μ anomaly and is realised in various popular. For kinetic and mass mixing, our analysis and results can be readily applied according to the discussion in the subsection
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