Abstract
The surface structural and magnetic properties of (100)-orientedFe3O4 bulk crystals in the high-temperature phase (centrosymmetric,Oh) have been studied by nonlinear second harmonic generation (SHG). The analysisof the azimuthal and magnetic field dependences of the SHG signal at nearlynormal light incidence shows that the surface crystalline and magnetic symmetry ofthe samples investigated cannot be described by a point symmetry groupC4v, contrary to what may be expected from the crystalline symmetry. Instead, the dataare compatible with a symmetry of group m or even lower. The reasons for thisdiscrepancy are attributed to an extreme sensitivity of the method to even small(∼1°–2°) misorientations from the (100) surface plane for this particularexperimental geometry and to the presence of surface stresses inducedby surface defects. In addition, we find that the magnetic contrast fromFe3O4(001) is ratherlarge (∼60–80%) and contains a contribution to the magnetization-induced second harmonic generation(MSHG) signal, which depends quadratically on the surface magnetization.
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