Abstract
Investigations of defects such as oxygen vacancies are important to understand the properties of BaTiO3 and to improve BaTiO3-based device quality. In this study, we evaluate the oxygen vacancies in BaTiO3 single crystals and powders using micro-Raman spectroscopy. The amount of oxygen vacancies is varied by reducing BaTiO3 in a hydrogen atmosphere at 700–900 °C for 120 min. An additional mode, which is related to the oxygen vacancies, appears near the B 1 mode after the reducing treatment. This additional mode is dominant in the resonant Raman measurement conditions. The Raman peak intensity of the additional mode increases as the oxygen vacancies increase, while the intensity of the B 1 mode decreases. The relationship between the Raman intensity of the additional phonon mode and the oxygen vacancies is used to estimate the oxygen content in BaTiO3.
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