Abstract

Solid-state chip-based nanopores show great promise as biosensors for single-molecule detection of DNA and proteins(1,2). Nanopipettes are a novel subclass of solid-state nanopores and show desirable properties such as their ease of fabrication, easy integration into microfluidic systems and low device capacitance(3). Typically made from quartz, nanopipettes have a sharp tip with a high aspect ratio whereas chip-based nanopores typically have a more cylindrical shape. These different geometries affect the electric field distribution around the nanometre-sized opening and the DNA capture radius.Previous literature using solid-state nanopores has reported a scaling factor, p of DNA translocation times of p ∼ 1.3(2). Using a custom-built high-speed electrical detection system, p was examined using four different lengths of DNA(4,5). To our knowledge this is the first length dependence study of double-stranded DNA translocations in potassium chloride electrolyte using nanopipettes. Having found p = 1 ± 0.03 we hypothesize that the different p values may be due to DNA adsorption prior to translocation and have developed a theoretical model to rationalise the two results.(1) Plesa, C.; Kowalczyk, S. W.; Zinsmeester, R.; Grosberg, A. Y.; Rabin, Y.; Dekker, C. Nano Lett. 2013, 13, 658-663.(2) Storm, A. J.; Storm, C.; Chen, J.; Zandbergen, H.; Joanny, J. F.; Dekker, C. Nano Lett. 2005, 5, 1193-1197.(3) Gibb, T. R.; Ivanov, A. P.; Edel, J. B.; Albrecht, T. Anal. Chem. 2014, 86, 1864-1871.(4) Ciccarella, P.; Carminati, M.; Ferrari, G.; Fraccari, R.; Bahrami, A. In Integrated Low-Noise Current Amplifier for Glass-Based Nanopore Sensing; 10th Conference on Ph.D. Research in Microelectronics and Electronics (PRIME 2014), Grenoble, France, 2014, pp 1-4.(5) Fraccari, R. L.; Ciccarella, P.; Bahrami, A.; Carminati, M.; Ferrari, G.; Albrecht, T. 2015, (submitted).

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