Abstract
BackgroundThis cross-sectional study investigates the potential association between active periodontal disease and high HbA1c levels in type-2-diabetes mellitus subjects under physical training.MethodsWomen and men with a diagnosis of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and ongoing physical and an ongoing exercise program were included. Periodontal conditions were assessed according to the CDC-AAP case definitions. Venous blood samples were collected for the quantitative analysis of HbA1c. Associations between the variables were examined with univariate and multivariate regression models.ResultsForty-four subjects with a mean age of 63.4 ± 7.0 years were examined. Twenty-nine subjects had no periodontitis, 11 had a moderate and 4 had a severe form of periodontal disease. High fasting serum glucose (p < 0.0001), high BMI scores (p = 0.001), low diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.030) and high probing depth (p = 0.036) were significantly associated with high HbA1c levels.ConclusionsWithin the limitations of this study HbA1c levels are positively associated with high probing pocket depth in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus under physical exercise training. Control and management of active periodontal diseases in non-insulin-dependent patients with diabetes mellitus is reasonable in order to maximize therapeutic outcome of lifestyle interventions.
Highlights
This cross-sectional study investigates the potential association between active periodontal disease and high Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in type-2-diabetes mellitus subjects under physical training
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most common chronic metabolic disease in the Western World and it is characterized by high blood glucose levels
An interventional study could not demonstrate a significant reduction of HbA1c levels following non-surgical periodontal therapy in patients suffering from moderate to advanced chronic periodontitis [6]
Summary
This cross-sectional study investigates the potential association between active periodontal disease and high HbA1c levels in type-2-diabetes mellitus subjects under physical training. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most common chronic metabolic disease in the Western World and it is characterized by high blood glucose levels. In 1970 it was observed for the first time that patients with T2DM had a high risk for periodontal disease [1]. It was shown that the risk of periodontitis was 3 to 4 times higher in diabetic patients compared to systematically healthy individuals [4]. An interventional study could not demonstrate a significant reduction of HbA1c levels following non-surgical periodontal therapy in patients suffering from moderate to advanced chronic periodontitis [6]
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