Abstract
The objective of the compressed baryonic matter (CBM) experiment at the future Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) in Darmstadt, Germany, is the investigation of the fundamental properties of strongly interacting matter. Of particular interest for our understanding of compact stellar objects is the determination of the equation-of-state (EOS) at high baryon densities and the exploration of the microscopic degrees-of-freedom under these conditions. The results of these laboratory experiments will complement astronomical observations, which also constrain the high-density EOS. Recent results of QCD-based calculations suggest that a possible first-order chiral phase transition should be observable in heavy-ion collisions at FAIR energies. This article reviews relevant observables from heavy-ion collisions and describes the detector configuration and the physics performance of the CBM experiment.
Highlights
The statistical hadronization model (SHM) model has been used to calculate the production yields of J/ψ mesons, D mesons and Λc hyperons in heavy-ion collisions down to threshold beam energies [43]. Because in this model the production of c and c-bar quarks is decoupled from the hadronization into charmed hadrons, the ratio of (J/ψ)/(D + D-bar) mesons is almost independent of beam energy, whereas in hadronic scenarios, such as the hadron string dynamics (HSD)
In the compressed baryonic matter (CBM) experiment, hypernuclei will be reconstructed via the tracks of their decay products, such as pions, kaons, protons and light fragments, which are measured by the micro-vertex detector (MVD) and the silicon tracking system (STS), together with the TOF for particle identification
The nuclear matter equation-of-state is a fundamental ingredient in our understanding of the structure of neutron stars, the dynamics of core-collapse supernovae and neutron star mergers
Summary
At baryon densities above about 5 ρ0 , it is very likely that nucleons start to percolate and dissolve into their elementary constituents, quarks and gluons Such a phase transition is predicted to occur in the core of massive neutron stars, either as a smooth crossover transition [8] or as a first-order transition with a mixed phase [9]. The plans for the future compressed baryonic matter (CBM) experiment at the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research are presented, including the results of physics performance studies for the relevant observables in heavy-ion collisions at Au-beam energies from 2A to 11A GeV, including rare probes such as (multi-)strange (anti-) hyperons, (double Λ) hypernuclei and lepton pairs
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