Abstract
The Metal-free nitrogen-doped carbons represent an emerging low-cost nonprecious electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) that is a sluggish process at the cathode of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) and a verity of metal-air batteries. During the past few years, the ORR catalytic activity of nitrogen-doped carbons has been significantly increased, making them highly competitive alternatives to conventional precious metals based electrocatalysts for ORR. However, controversies remain in the unambiguous identification of the ORR active sites on nitrogen-doped carbons. This review summarizes the recent progress in probing the potential active sites on metal-free nitrogen-doped carbons for ORR, aiming to gain in-depth understanding of the ORR catalytic mechanism on nitrogen-doped carbons for further enhancing ORR activity.
Highlights
The emerging energy crisis and global climatic issues have impelled scientists and engineers to explore renewable energy technologies [1], of which polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) has become one research hotspot due to various advantages, such as using renewable and green hydrogen as a fuel, high power conversion efficiency, high energy density [2] and so on
Because the pyri-highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) sample is nearly absolutely comprised with pyridinic N (95% for pyridinic N and 5% for graphitic N), Guo et al concluded that pyridinic N could reduce the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) overpotential more efficiently than Graphitic N, and pyridinic N was most
It is found that nitrogen doping induces the ORR active sites of N-doped carbon catalysts
Summary
The emerging energy crisis and global climatic issues have impelled scientists and engineers to explore renewable energy technologies [1], of which PEMFC has become one research hotspot due to various advantages, such as using renewable and green hydrogen as a fuel, high power conversion efficiency, high energy density [2] and so on. The nitrogen doping strategy has been proven to be effective in in improving the the ORR materials, including including carbon carbon nanosphere nanosphere [18],. N-doped carbons doped carbons haven’t been conclusively identified and probing the ORR on N-dopedremains carbonsa hot research topic. Selectively generating generating only one specific nitrogen doping configuration doped carbon electrocatalysts. N-doped and the composition etc.; and the internal heterogeneityoften of the electrocatalysts often complicates carbon samples preparedcarbon from the same prepared group canfrom the have fluctuations in structure activity. In the N-doped present review, summarize to thegain recent important reports onmechanism probing ORR activewhich sites will be conducive to promote thenanomaterials synthesis of more efficient carbon-based on metal-free, N-doped carbon to gain a deeper insight into theelectrocatalysts. Mechanism of ORR which will be conducive to promote the synthesis of more efficient carbon-based ORR electrocatalysts
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