Abstract
Battery energy storage systems (BESS), demand response (DR) and the dynamic thermal rating (DTR) system have increasingly played important roles in power grids worldwide. In addition to storing energy, BESS can supply peak demands, thereby reducing the frequency of load interruptions and deferring new asset investments. However, study on the precise BESS sizing (i.e. energy and power ratings) to supply peak demands to improve the security of supply of transmission networks is still lacking. The combined efficacy of BESS, DR and DTR have also never been studied, because their simultaneous deployment has never been considered. The first contribution of this paper is proposing a probabilistic evaluation method to evaluate various combinations of BESS power ratings and energy capacities and determines their impacts on the reliability of transmission networks, in which peak demands are supported by charges stored in BESSs to address the security of supply problem. The second contribution extends the proposed method to examine the effects of deploying BESS alongside DR and DTR. Our results show that the security of power supply improves along with BESS sizing by as much as 37.2%, and that its reliability becomes more significant as its capability grows, with bigger BESS having more detrimental effects towards EENS as it becomes unavailable than smaller BESS does. DTR and DR reduce the requirements of BESS sizing without adversely affecting network reliability.
Highlights
Under the backdrop of ageing power system assets, distributed generations and demand for the proliferation of smart grids, battery energy storage systems (BESS) have increasingly played important roles in power grids worldwide [1], [2]
The energy capacity considered by BESS ranges from 20 MWh to 100 MWh, and the power rating ranges from 4 MW to 80 MW
All aforementioned BESS and demand response (DR) settings are implemented on the reliability test network (RTN) with and without the dynamic thermal rating (DTR) system, and the results are shown in Figs. 4 and 5, respectively
Summary
Under the backdrop of ageing power system assets, distributed generations and demand for the proliferation of smart grids, battery energy storage systems (BESS) have increasingly played important roles in power grids worldwide [1], [2] In addition to their energy storage function for facilitating renewable integrations [3]–[5], BESSs can supply peak demands, thereby reducing the frequency of load interruptions and deferring new asset investments [6]. Despite such application, there is still a lack of studies that systematically quantify the energy capacity and power rating of BESSs, both of which undermine the security of supply in. The storage energy and power capacities are optimally
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