Abstract
The steady state of a system of independent particles which undergo elastic collisions can be expressed in terms of the absorption probabilities of the associated Markov process. For the slab albedo problem, this representation enables the application of probabilistic methods to obtain explicit upper and lower bounds on the steady-state density. In particular, the bounds prove the 1/L, decrease of the steady-state flux as a function of the slab widthL (Fick's law).
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