Abstract
This paper presents a novel multihop routing protocol for mobile wireless sensor networks called PHASeR (Proactive Highly Ambulatory Sensor Routing). The proposed protocol uses a simple hop-count metric to enable the dynamic and robust routing of data towards the sink in mobile environments. It is motivated by the application of radiation mapping by unmanned vehicles, which requires the reliable and timely delivery of regular measurements to the sink. PHASeR maintains a gradient metric in mobile environments by using a global TDMA MAC layer. It also uses the technique of blind forwarding to pass messages through the network in a multipath manner. PHASeR is analysed mathematically based on packet delivery ratio, average packet delay, throughput and overhead. It is then simulated with varying mobility, scalability and traffic loads. The protocol gives good results over all measures, which suggests that it may also be suitable for a wider array of emerging applications.
Highlights
WIRELESS sensor networks (WSNs) are traditionally made up of a number of small nodes with the ability to communicate wirelessly [1]
The objective of Proactive Highly Ambulatory Sensor Routing (PHASeR) is to provide robust and timely data routing in the challenging mobile environment of radiation mapping using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)
PHASeR shows a consistently high level of performance above 1 pk/s, whereas the other three protocols show severe degradations as the level of traffic is increased. These results have shown PHASeR to be suitable for a wide range of scenarios, including those designed to model the application of radiation mapping with UAVs
Summary
WIRELESS sensor networks (WSNs) are traditionally made up of a number of small nodes with the ability to communicate wirelessly [1]. Ali / Pervasive and Mobile Computing 21 (2015) 47–61 manned ground station with a power supply, where aggregation and analysis of the data will take place Protocols designed for these types of emerging application will require high packet delivery reliability and low overhead to decrease latency even in highly mobile environments. The objective of Proactive Highly Ambulatory Sensor Routing (PHASeR) is to provide robust and timely data routing in the challenging mobile environment of radiation mapping using UAVs. the protocol can be used in a variety of scenarios, the application of radiation mapping will be used to motivate the design choices of the protocol.
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