PRL-3 Phosphatase Is Implicated in Ovarian Cancer Growth

Abstract

The PRL-3 phosphatase has been found expressed at higher levels in metastasis than in primary tumors of patients with colorectal cancer. In the present study, we evaluated the expression of PRL-3 in ovarian cancer tissue and its role in ovarian cancer cell growth. PRL-3 phosphatase expression was evaluated in 84 ovarian tumor samples. PRL-3 expression has been knocked down using specific small interfering RNAs to determine its role in ovarian cancer cell growth in vitro. In ovarian cancers, PRL-3 expression correlates with disease progression, being higher in advanced (stage III) than in early (stage I) tumors. In situ measurements of PRL-3 expression showed that it was confined to the epithelial neoplastic cells. The molecular mechanism underlying PRL-3 overexpression in ovarian cancers is independent from amplification of the corresponding genomic locus. Ovarian cancer cells growing in culture have high levels of expression of this phosphatase. PRL-3-specific knockdown using small interfering RNA severely impaired the growth of cells without affecting the expression of the closely related homologue PRL-1. Intriguingly, the growth of human colon carcinoma cells expressing lower levels of the PRL-3 was not affected by the PRL-3 knockdown. Altogether, these results show that PRL-3 expression is associated with ovarian cancer progression and point to a key role for this phosphatase in the control of ovarian cancer cells growth. This strongly suggests that PRL-3 should be considered as a target for the discovery of new anticancer agents to be tested against this malignancy.