Abstract
An infrared ceiling sensor network system is reported in this study to realize behavior analysis and fall detection of a single person in the home environment. The sensors output multiple binary sequences from which we know the existence/non-existence of persons under the sensors. The short duration averages of the binary responses are shown to be able to be regarded as pixel values of a top-view camera, but more advantageous in the sense of preserving privacy. Using the “pixel values” as features, support vector machine classifiers succeeded in recognizing eight activities (walking, reading, etc.) performed by five subjects at an average recognition rate of 80.65%. In addition, we proposed a martingale framework for detecting falls in this system. The experimental results showed that we attained the best performance of 95.14% (F1 value), the FAR of 7.5% and the FRR of 2.0%. This accuracy is not sufficient in general but surprisingly high with such low-level information. In summary, it is shown that this system has the potential to be used in the home environment to provide personalized services and to detect abnormalities of elders who live alone.
Highlights
In recent years, human behavior analysis such as person tracking and activity/action recognition has progressed significantly [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
Before we introduce the martingale framework for fall detection, we describe first a fundamental building block called the strangeness measure, which assesses how much a data point is different from the others
Since the sensor system is installed on the ceiling, it is almost unnoticeable by the users
Summary
Human behavior analysis such as person tracking and activity/action recognition has progressed significantly [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. They are becoming indispensable for providing many kinds of personalized services in response to the implicit/explicit demands of users. Elderly people, even young people, would not be comfortable to be observed for a long time, or to be required any cooperation for giving some information to the systems In this situation, there are some important issues we have to concern, e.g., the elimination of disturbance to our daily life or cooperation requirement to the users
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