Abstract
In this work, we study data collection in multiple unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-aided mobile wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The network topology is changing due to the mobility of the UAVs and the sensor nodes, so the design of efficient data collection protocols is a major concern. We address such high dynamic network and propose two mechanisms: prioritized-based contact-duration frame selection mechanism (PCdFS), and prioritized-based multiple contact-duration frame selection mechanisms (PMCdFS) to build collision-free scheduling and balance the nodes between the multi-UAV respectively. Based on the two mechanisms, we proposed a Balance algorithm to conduct the collision-free communication between the mobile nodes and the multi-UAVs. Two key design ideas for a Balance algorithm are: (a) no need of higher priority for those nodes that have lower transmission rate between them and the UAV and (b) improve the communication opportunity for those nodes that have shorter contact duration with the UAVs. We demonstrate the performance of proposed algorithms through extensive simulations, and real experiments. These experiments using 15 mobile nodes at a path with 10 intersections and 1 island, present that network fairness is efficiently enhanced. We also confirm the applicability of proposed algorithms in a challenging and realistic scenario through numerous experiments on a path at Tongji campus in Shanghai, China.
Highlights
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-aided wireless sensor networks (UAV-aided WSN) have gained more and more interest due to their many applications in monitoring, surveillance, and exploring in healthcare, agriculture, industry, and military [1,2,3,4,5]
The data collection issues addressed on dynamic topology, which are usually used in applications such as maritime detection, traffic surveillance, and wilderness rescuing where the targets are moving and no static sensors are deployed in advance, are seldom covered
We focus on multi-unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) aided mobile WSN, Figure 1, where the nodes are deployed on mobile bicycles and move along a pre-defined curve path
Summary
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-aided wireless sensor networks (UAV-aided WSN) have gained more and more interest due to their many applications in monitoring, surveillance, and exploring in healthcare, agriculture, industry, and military [1,2,3,4,5]. Among UAVs’ applications, one of the key functions is the data collection [6,7,8,9,10,11]. These works focus on deterministic topology where the nodes are deployed statically, and the locations of the sensors are known. The data collection issues addressed on dynamic topology, which are usually used in applications such as maritime detection, traffic surveillance, and wilderness rescuing where the targets are moving and no static sensors are deployed in advance, are seldom covered. The relative distances almost have no difference if the UAV
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