Abstract
Current structure of agricultural input consumption eventually influences bases of natural environment and ecosystem services (especially water related) from which human communities benefit. This research aims at assisting decision making and prioritizing ecosystem services and their improvement measures according to interconnection of different ecosystem services and agri-environmental schemes of improving these services with help of fuzzy analytic network process (FANP) in Mashhad plain. Results show that among water-related ecosystem services, water quality and having healthy products, are first priorities. Providing needed water for agriculture section stands in the second rank with minor difference. Third and fourth places go to soil conservation and biodiversity relatively and agricultural tourism which is categorized under cultural services is placed in the last place. Also, based on this study results, among the seven agri-environmental water-related ecosystem services improvement, integrated pest management (IPM) ranks first. The second and third priorities belong to proposed crop pattern and conservative tillage implementation.
Highlights
The rapid population growth has brought up severe food need and have a most important influence on agricultural production, resulting in transformations in agricultural systems in order to answer the demands of growing markets (Rigg, 1998; Robinson & Carson, 2015; Theobald, 2001; Zasada, 2011; Song et al, 2017)
The first step in using fuzzy analytic network process (FANP) is to form a hierarchy of dimensions and criteria for choice (Fig. 1) The weight of each factor is calculated by the Triangular Fuzzy Number (TFN) method
The findings show that low irrigation weighted 0.037 placed sixth and agriculture tourism infrastructure enhancement project is weighted zero and paced last
Summary
The rapid population growth has brought up severe food need and have a most important influence on agricultural production, resulting in transformations in agricultural systems in order to answer the demands of growing markets (Rigg, 1998; Robinson & Carson, 2015; Theobald, 2001; Zasada, 2011; Song et al, 2017). These changes have main pressures on agro-ecological systems, often changing the ecosystem services they prepare. According to Einollahi (2013) trend of using chemical ferilizers in agricultural sector of Iran is duplicated during last 10 years and its current annual usage is about 5.4 million tones
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