Prioritization of ecopreneurship barriers overcoming renewable energy technologies promotion: A comparative analysis of novel spherical fuzzy and Pythagorean fuzzy AHP approach

Abstract

In a challenging environment, renewable energy (RE) entrepreneurs promote and encourage the enactment of new technologies and concepts, but they face several hurdles in promoting them. A basic research gap exists in investigating the ecopreneurship obstacles to RE development by using multiple-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approaches under uncertainty in a comprehensive study, this research thus intends to fill a research gap with the fuzzy MCDM approach to tackle the entrepreneurial obstacles to emerging economies' power generation growth, which can be divided into two parts. Firstly, a literature survey and discussion with experts were used to identify prospective obstacles. Secondly, a novel Spherical Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchical Process was used to finalize obstacle weights. The results showed that the ‘Inadequate government or policy support’ category, with a final weight of (0.2093), is the most essential among the major categories, and ‘inadequate access to institutional finance’ becomes the second rank. Compared with Pythagorean fuzzy AHP, our suggested technique incorporates more details considering the uneasiness of the decision-making atmosphere. In contrast, the overall global orders of obstacles revealed that ‘Accessing credit’, with a final weight of (0.0737), is more important than the other twenty-six obstacles.