Priorities for development of adaptive systems of agriculture management in the Republic of Belarus in the context of agricultural theory and practice evolution

Abstract

At the present stage there is a dynamic trend of transition to a new paradigm of land use in the world agriculture. Its nature is displayed in activation of practical embodiment of “green economy” principles, wide development of organic and other alternative agricultural technologies ensuring rational growth and efficiency of agricultural production observing scientific bases of nature orientation at maximum. One of the most important structural components of the new paradigm of land use are adaptive technologies of agricultural crops cultivation and adaptive systems of agriculture management in general. The paper presents the key aspects of evolution of the theory of adaptive improvement of agricultural processes, substantiation of the priority directions of development of adaptive systems of agriculture in Belarus is given, considering the modern innovative and market transformations. In particular, given the relevance and peculiarities of adaptation of agricultural production to economic and natural environment of functioning of business entities and regions in conditions of cooperative integration processes development, including the ones in the framework of EAEU and the Union state of the Republic of Belarus and the Russian Federation, new approaches are defined to improvement of production specialization and territorial distribution of agricultural production of the Republic. Economically and ecologically expedient measures of formation of rational structure of sown areas and adequate crop rotations based on adaptability principles are substantiated. In the context of practical implementation of the Law of the Republic of Belarus “On production and circulation of organic products”, the features of specialization of farms on agricultural production using organic technologies are described. Efficiency of diversification of agricultural production is substantiated. Directions of increasing the level of information support for processes of learning adaptive management systems in Agro-Industrial Complex considering digitalization of agricultural economy, and expansion of precision farming methods are presented. Expediency of taking into account provisions of classical economic theories to make the most optimal choice of options for specialization and location of agricultural production based on record of absolute and relative competitive advantages of companies and regions is substantiated.