Prior infection with Bordetella bronchiseptica enhanced colonization but not disease with Streptococcus suis

Abstract

Bordetella bronchiseptica and Streptococcus suis are widely distributed swine pathogens. B. bronchiseptica is a primary pathogen and causes atrophic rhinitis and bronchopneumonia. S. suis is a contributing agent to porcine respiratory disease complex and causes systemic diseases including arthritis, meningitis, polyserositis, and septicemia. Colonization with B. bronchiseptica has been associated with increased colonization by other pathogenic bacteria and increased disease severity with viral and bacterial pathogens. It has also been reported to predispose cesarean derived, colostrum deprived (CDCD) piglets to S. suis systemic disease. Here, we evaluated the role of B. bronchiseptica colonization on S. suis colonization, dissemination, and disease in one study using conventional pigs and another using CDCD pigs. Pigs were challenged with S. suis, B. bronchiseptica, or B. bronchiseptica followed by S. suis. Incidence of S. suis disease was not increased in either study for animals pre-inoculated with B. bronchiseptica. Nasal colonization with S. suis was increased in coinfected animals, while B. bronchiseptica was similar between mono- and co-infected animals. Although increased S. suis disease was not seen in coinfected pigs, there is evidence that B. bronchiseptica can increase colonization with S. suis, which may contribute to enhanced disease when animals are stressed or immunocompromised.