Printable Commercial Carbon Based Mesoscopic Perovskite Solar Cell Using NiO/Graphene as Hole-Transport Materials

Abstract

A printable mesoscopic ceramic framework and commercial carbon based perovskite solar cell was fabricated. NiO mixed with graphene was used as hole-transport materials to improve the hole-extracting ability in the mesoscopic ceramic framework and carbon based perovskite solar cell. FESEM, XRD, and contact angle tests were used to investigate the morphology and structure of the mesoscopic ceramic framework. The open-circuit voltage attenuation, photocurrent-time, and other methods showed that the charge transfer capability inside the device was greatly improved after the addition of NiO/graphene. The appropriate pore size of the top HTM layer using NiO/graphene with a mass ratio of 100:1 provides the effective and direct channel for perovskite arriving at the TiO2 electron collection layer. The contact angle of the water on the surface of the mixed NiO/graphene was greatly increased, preventing perovskite from water vapor erosion. The photoelectric conversion efficiency of the device using NiO/graphene as the hole transport material is 11.72%, showing 33% increase when compared with HTM-free devices. In addition, the PCE of the carbon-based solar cell maintained 91% of the original value after one week due to the hydrophilicity of the composite NiO/graphene material.