Abstract
WHEN light from an object passes through an optical system to form an image, a small fraction is reflected at each air-glass surface instead of being transmitted. For normal incidence, the reflectivity is usually between 4 and 7 per cent, depending on the refractive index of the glass. This affects the image in three ways. First, the brightness of the image is reduced. Secondly, the reflected light, eventually reaching the image plane after two or more reflexions at the lens surfaces, invades the dark parts of the image and gives rise to a haze called ‘veiling glare’. This reduces the contrast in the image. Thirdly, the reflected light may concentrate near the imago plane to form ‘glare spots’ and ‘ghost images’.
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