Principles and Applications of Emulsion Polymerization

Abstract

Preface. 1. Introduction. 1.1. Free Radical Polymerization. 1.2. Emulsion Polymerization. 1.3. Colloidal Stability. 1.4. Some Performance Properties for Industrial Applications. References. 2. Interfacial Phenomena. 2.1. Thermodynamic Consideration. 2.2. Surfactants. 2.3. Colloidal Stability. 3. Particle Nucleation Mechanisms. 3.1. Micellar Nucleation. 3.2. Homogenous Nucleation. 3.3. Coagulative Nucleation. 3.4. Mixed Mode of Particle Nucleation Mechanisms. 3.5. Surfactant-Free Emulsion Polymerization. 3.6. Experimental Work on Particle Nucleation. 3.7. Nonionic and Mixed Surfactant Systems. References. 4. Emulsion Polymerization Kinetics. 4.1. Emulsion Polymerization Kinetics. 4.2. Absorption of Free Radicals by Latex Particles. 4.3. Desorption of Free Radicals Out of Latex Particles. 4.4. Growth of Latex Particles. 4.5. Polymer Molecular Weight. References. 5. Miniemulsion Polymerization. 5.1. Polymerization in Monomer Droplets. 5.2. Stability of Monomer Emulsions. 5.3. Type of Costabilizers in Miniemulsion Polymerization. 5.4. Miniemulsion Polymerization Mechanisms and Kinetics. 5.5. Versatility of Miniemulsion Polymerization. References. 6. Microemulsion Polymerization. 6.1. Introduction. 6.2. Formation and Microstructure of Microemulsions. 6.3. O/W Microemulsion Polymerization. 6.4. W/O Microemulsion Polymerization. 6.5. Polymerization Continuous or Bicontinuous Phases of Microemulsions. References. 7. Semibatch and Continuous Emulsion Polymerizations. 7.1. Semibatch Emulsion Polymerization. 7.2. Continuous Emulsion Polymerization. 7.3. Development of Commercial Continuous Emulsion Polymerizations Process. References. 8. Emulsion Polymerizations in Nonuniform Latex Particles. 8.1. Origin of Nonuniform Latex Particles. 8.2. Seeded Emulsion Polymerizations. 8.3. Factors Affecting Particle Morphology. 8.4. Morphology Development in Latex Particles. 8.5. Polymerization Kinetics in Nonuniform Latex Particles. 9. Applications of Emulsion Polymers. 9.1. Physical Properties of Emulsion Polymers. 9.2. Rheological Properties of Emulsion Polymers. 9.3. Film Formation of Emulsion Polymers. 9.4. Foaming and Antifoaming Agents. 9.5. Wetting. 9.6. Surface Modifications. 9.7. Stability of Latex Products. Index.