Principal Deviatoric Strain Increment Ratios for Sand Having Inherent Transverse Isotropy

Abstract

The behavior of sand on the π plane, including the relation between the principal deviatoric strain increment ratios, is not fully understood. The objectives are: To clarify experimentally the relation between the principal deviatoric strain increment ratios for sand in a wide range of b values and to discuss the basic shear behavior, taking particular notice of inherent transverse isotropy and noncoaxiality. From the experimental results on sand with inherent transverse isotropy, it was observed that the relation between the principal deviatoric strain increment ratios is fundamental and is related to the shape of the failure surface and the extent of strain localization. A new equation for the principal deviatoric strain increment ratios is proposed to model the influence of the incremental stress.