Abstract
The experimental material consisted of 101 extant varieties and parental lines characterized for morphological traits under Distinctiveness Uniformity and Stability (DUS) testing at CICR, Regional Station, Coimbatore, India. Twenty one quantitative traits were taken for observation. The data were utilised to estimate substantial variation and relationship within the extant varieties and to identify the best performing genotypes. Analysis of variance for quantitative traits, in diverse line, showed sizable amount of variability. The highest variation was found for vigour index, plant height, germination per cent, fibre maturity, yield per plant, plant stand, fibre uniformity and ginning per cent when mean performance genotypes were considered. Seed cotton yield showed significantly positive correlation with boll number plant-1 (0.95), boll weight-1 (0.53), lint weight (0.50), fibre length (0.27), plant growth habit (0.26), plant height (0.23) and seed index (0.21). Principal component analysis showed the extend of variation by components 1 to 8 that exhibited Eigen value >1. Cluster analysis based on various morphological traits assorted 101 extant varieties of cotton into three main clusters. Dendrogram arrived based on hierarchal clustering, grouped genotypes based on their morphological traits rather than the geography of origin.
Highlights
In India, enactment of The PPVFR Act, 20011 facilitated the protection of plant varieties, Breeder’s Right’s and ensured the availability of high quality seeds and planting materials to Indian farmers
The genotypes were evaluated for plant height by measurement of ten individual plants on 140th day of sowing, growth habit recorded by measuring the length of longest sympodia in randomly selected ten individual plants and the average was taken for analysis
Plant stand was assessed on 140th day in each plot; ten individual bolls harvested in each plot were weighed (g) and the mean values taken for statistical analysis
Summary
In India, enactment of The PPVFR Act, 20011 facilitated the protection of plant varieties, Breeder’s Right’s and ensured the availability of high quality seeds and planting materials to Indian farmers. Characterisation and documentation of qualitative and quantitative traits of extant cotton varieties and parental lines are mandatory requirement of Distinctiveness, Uniformity and Stability (DUS) testing programme towards the implementation of PPV & FR Act, 20011 As per this act, a new plant variety is considered for protection (IP protection), if that variety is clearly distinguishable by minimum one essential characteristic from other varieties whose existence is a matter of common knowledge in any country at the time of filling the application, and the variation in characteristic features must be uniform subject to further propagation and the same essential characteristics remain unchanged after subsequent propagation. Grouping of extant varieties based on their qualitative and quantitative trait is essential and this will support the selection process of reference varieties for DUS testing of a new plant variety Keeping this in mind, the DUS data along with ancillary data, generated under this programme, were subjected to Principal Component Analysis and cluster analysis for exploitation of diversity available among the varieties and parental lines. The information generated in this study would be useful for DUS testing of new plant varieties and for inter varietal breeding
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