Primäre Rekonstruktion der ableitenden Tränenwege nach Trauma – bikanalikulonasale Schienung mit autostabilen Silikonverweilsonden

Abstract

Trauma of the medial canthal region can affect all parts of the lacrimal ducts. Depending on the patient's age, there may be different mechanisms of injury. Surgical reconstruction using two autostable ("self-retaining") monocanaliculonasal lacrimal tubes is demonstrated by two case reports. Here, a 6 years old girl attacked by a dog (Rottweiler) showed severe periocular soft tissue damage with deep involvement of the lacrimal ducts. The child's inferior canaliculus was lacerated. Furthermore, the common canaliculus was dissected from the lacrimal sac. Deep soft tissue damage consisted of blunt and sharp injuries down to the cheek and nose. After lacrimal intubation with two autostable monocanaliculonasal tubes, the soft tissue was reconstructed by direct canalicular suturing and stepwise closure of each layer. One of the lacrimal tubes was fixated at the lid by additional sutures, in order to avoid stent prolapse. Beside slight medial depression of inferior lid, there were no signs of functional disturbance of the lacrimal ducts. The follow-up was 18 months. The second case report presents a 43 years old man. He accidentally cut himself with a butcher's knife. He suffered a deep wound of his medial canthal region. The patient presented with proximal (located near the lacrimal sac) laceration of both canaliculi. The medial canthal ligament as well as the orbicularis muscle had been cut. Using two autostable monocanaliculonasal lacrimal tubes, the lacrimal ducts were stented and reconstructed with sutures. During the follow-up of 6 months, no epiphora or mucopurulent lacrimal discharge occurred. In lacrimal trauma, different parts of the lacrimal ducts may be affected at the same time. Identification of the injured structures with respect to the kind of injury, localisation and the extent of damage is crucial. Stepwise wound closure in respect to the topographic anatomy is mandatory. Here, lid and lacrimal ducts must be respected as one functional unit. Simultaneous use of autostable monocanaliculonasal lacrimal tubes in both canaliculi can be applied for trauma reconstruction of the lacrimal ducts in children and adults.