Abstract

Let denote the set of symmetric matrices over some semiring . The set, , of elements of that are a finite sum of squares of elements in , is called the positive subsemiring of . A matrix, B, with entries in is primitive if some power of B has all nonzero entries. We characterize those linear operators on the set of symmetric matrices over that map the set of primitive matrices to itself and the set of nonprimitive matrices to itself. We also characterize those linear operators on the set of symmetric matrices over that map the set of primitive matrices whose square has all nonzero entries to itself and the complement of that set to itself. The characterization of linear preservers of real symmetric primitive matrices follows as a special case.

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