Primary Vaginal Stones

Abstract

Calculi composed of urinary salts rarely occur outside the urinary tract. In female subjects such calculi occurring in the vagina are uncommon, with only 26 cases reported thus far. These stones may be primary or secondary. Primary stones are formed in the vagina owing to the deposition of urinary salts as a result of continuous urinary leakage into the vagina. They have been described in association with urinary leakage caused by vesicovaginal fistulas, urethrovaginal fistulas, an ectopic vaginal ureter in a 7-year-old child and incontinence owing to a neurogenic bladder. A secondary vaginal stone is formed around a foreign body in the vagina. Rarely, a vesical calculus may migrate into the vagina because of an ulceration of the vesicovaginal septum and grow in the vagina as a secondary calculus. Most of the reported cases are primary, struvite calculi associated with vesicovaginal fistulas. Because of their rarity we present 2 such cases occurring in patients with vesicovaginal fistulas.