Abstract
One of the reasons for the high cost of electricity generated by statically located solar power plants is the low efficiency of photoelectric converters. Using high-precision solar tracking system will solve this problem. The paper provides a detailed description of the developed modernized structure of an autonomous solar power station with statically and dynamically located modules of solar batteries and a physical model of an automated dual-axis solar tracker. The presented development allows us to increase energy efficiency of solar batteries by precision pointing dynamically located solar modules on the Sun in two coordinates (azimuth and declination angle) during the day. In addition, it is shown that another feature of this photovoltaic system is that statically and dynamically located photoelectric modules are equipped with two types of solar cells – monocrystalline and polycrystalline that leads to an additional gain in the generation of electrical power regardless of the clouds. The ways of increasing the reliability of the autonomous solar power plant operation are mentioned. We have considered the solar tracking systems in the Russian Federation (Orenburg, Tomsk, Chelyabinsk regions) and abroad (United States of America, India, Iran, Turkey, Taiwan), and have justified the necessity of using photovoltaic systems with solar trackers. Moreover, we have successfully tested the developed autonomous solar power plant; the essence of the tests is in an experimental comparison of power generation using statically and dynamically located solar cell modules. The results of the experiments have showed that the use of a solar module with a precision dual-axis solar tracking system, in comparison with a statically located module, makes it possible to increase the efficiency of a photovoltaic installation by 50 %. Thus, experimental evidence of the effectiveness of the automate d tracking system application has been obtained. The work can be useful in the design of energy-efficient photovoltaic installations with the solar tracking system.
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