Abstract
Primary Synovial sarcoma of the thyroid gland is a rare sarcoma. We report a case of synovial sarcoma of the thyroid gland in a 2-yr-old boy presenting with a palpable progressively increasing neck mass, high resolution ultrasound revealed a heterogeneous lesion measuring 5 x 4 cm identified in the right lobe compressing the left lobe. A total thyroidectomy was performed and grossly both the lobes were involved. Histologically, the tumor was a biphasic synovial sarcoma which was confirmed by immunohistochemical markers showing positive expression for vimentin, Epithelial membrane antigen &Transducin-like enhancer of split-1. This is an unusual location for the occurrence of primary synovial sarcoma and aggressive nature the early diagnosis is difficult, and no definite treatment regimens are being defined due to the rarity of neoplasm.
Highlights
Synovial sarcoma is a mesenchymal neoplasm that accounts for 10–20% of the soft tissue of the extremities with an onset in the adolescent and young adult.[1,2] The head and neck region is the second most frequent site, representing ~5% of the cases,[3] primary thyroid synovial sarcoma occurrence is quite rare, such locations make the recognition and differential diagnosis more difficult and the surgical treatment more complex because of the proximity of noble anatomic structures.[4]
Synovial sarcoma is a soft tissue neoplasm that accounts for 10% of all the soft tissue sarcoma while head and neck synovial sarcoma usually accounts for 10% of all the synovial sarcoma, the most common location is hypopharynx and retropharynx.[1,2,3]
Primary synovial sarcoma of the thyroid are extremely rare, to the best of our knowledge only twelve cases are reported in past
Summary
Primary Synovial sarcoma of the thyroid gland is a rare sarcoma. We report a case of synovial sarcoma of the thyroid gland in a 2-yr-old boy presenting with a palpable progressively increasing neck mass, high resolution ultrasound revealed a heterogeneous lesion measuring 5 x 4 cm identified in the right lobe compressing the left lobe. The tumor was a biphasic synovial sarcoma which was confirmed by immunohistochemical markers showing positive expression for vimentin, Epithelial membrane antigen &Transducin-like enhancer of split-1. This is an unusual location for the occurrence of primary synovial sarcoma and aggressive nature the early diagnosis is difficult, and no definite treatment regimens are being defined due to the rarity of neoplasm.
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