Primary rhabdomyosarcoma of the breast in an adult: A role of volumetric modulated arc technique radiotherapy

Abstract

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue tumor in children and is rarely seen in adults. It is slightly more common in females. It constitutes <1% of all breast malignancies. Radiologically, it is difficult to differentiate RMS from other breast benign or malignant tumors. Hence, it is often diagnosed late. Immunohistochemistry staining with actin, desmin, myogenin, and myoD1 confirms the diagnosis. There is no standard treatment due to rarity of cases. Role of radiotherapy is still controversial, but many studies have shown the benefit of radiotherapy in large tumors of more than 5 cm. RMSs are usually aggressive tumors with survival ranging from 3 months to 7 years. Here, we report a case of primary RMS of the breast in a 49-year-old female, describing radiological and pathological features and treatment with volumetric modulated arc technique radiotherapy.