Primary Prophylaxis of Febrile Neutropenia With Pegfilgrastim in Small-cell Lung Cancer Patients Receiving Amrubicin as Second-line Therapy.

Abstract

We evaluated the efficacy of primary prophylaxis with pegfilgrastim (PEG) for febrile neutropenia (FN) in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients receiving amrubicin (AMR). A retrospective cohort study was conducted in patients with SCLC receiving AMR as second-line therapy. A total of 33 patients were treated with AMR (no PEG group), while 13 patients were treated with AMR plus prophylactic administration of PEG (PEG group). The severity of neutropenia was significantly reduced in the PEG group compared to the no PEG group (p=0.02). The incidence of FN in the no PEG and PEG groups was 27.3% and 7.7%, respectively. The time to development of FN tended to be longer in the PEG group compared to the no PEG group (p=0.132). Primary prophylaxis with PEG may be beneficial in reducing the risk of FN in patients with SCLC receiving AMR.