Primary Oral Mucosal Melanoma: Advocate a Wait-and-See Policy in the Clinically N0 Patient

Abstract

Oral mucosal melanoma (OMM) is a rare disease associated with a very poor prognosis. Because well-established treatment protocols for OMM are in short supply, prognostic information regarding recent treatment modalities for this disease were sought. A retrospective chart review was performed of 61 patients who were treated for OMM from 1998 through 2005. The clinical features and treatment modalities were identified and correlated with the outcomes. There were 41 male and 20 female patients (ratio, 2.1:1) with a mean age of 54.1 years. The mean follow-up was 31.9 months, and the overall 2-year and 5-year survival rates were 51.1% and 30.3%, respectively. According to the seventh edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system, there were 31 patients (50.8%) with stage III tumors. A more advanced stage and a tumor of at least 2 cm were associated with worse survival (P < .001 and P = .036, respectively). Elective lymph node dissection and biochemotherapy were not associated with a higher total survival rate (P = .53 and P = .76, respectively). OMM has a male predilection. The seventh edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer stage and tumor size are effective prognostic parameters for patients with OMM. The American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system provides useful information for predicting the ultimate outcome and should be used as the primary staging system. Elective node dissection and adjuvant biochemotherapy offer no additional advantage in increasing the patient survival rate. A wait-and-see policy is advocated for patients with clinical stage N0 cancer.