Primary Neuroendocrine tumor of Uterus- A case report

Abstract

Background: Endometrial neuroendocrine carcinoma is a rare histological subtype of endometrial cancer, divided into low-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma (carcinoid) and high grade neuroendocrine carcinoma (small cell & large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma).It is characterized by high invasiveness and poor prognosis. Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SCNEC) is an extremely rare pathological type of endometrial carcinoma. Case Presentation: A 65 years old post-menopausal lady presented with vaginal bleeding. Baseline imaging showed soft tissue lesion of uterine origin with unusual findings and biopsy showed neuroendocrine features. Positron emission tomography (PET) scan showed metastatic disease and she underwent chemotherapy which had an interestingly excellent response. Conclusion: Despite being rare and aggressive, neuroendocrine tumors must be considered as a differential possibility on imaging. Specific tracer of PET imaging can be useful as a non-invasive tool to restage the disease and monitor treatment response as highlighted by the imaging aspects of this rare entity in our case.