Primary Intraosseous Granular Cell Tumor of the Sphenoid and Central Skull Base in a Pediatric Patient

Abstract

Background Granular cell tumors occur in all ages and many anatomic sites. In the craniofacial region, they typically arise in soft tissue, not bone. We present a primary intra-osseous granular cell tumor of the sphenoid and central skull base arising in a 12- year- old girl. Case report A 12-year-old female with sickle cell disease and Jeavons syndrome presented with seizures. Imaging and partial resection revealed an expansile benign granular cell tumor (GCT) involving the sphenoid body, pterygoid process, and central skull base. The disease has remained stable after 36-month follow up. Discussion GCT primarily involving the osseous sphenoid/skull base has not been previously reported in a child. Although mostly benign, some are aggressive, with malignant transformation in 1–2%. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment, but in the skull base this may be limited by adjacent critical structures. Decision-making is guided by anatomic extent, histology, and clinical behavior.