Primary hyperparathyroidism: short-term changes in bone remodeling and bone mineral density following parathyroidectomy

Abstract

Changes in bone remodeling and bone mineral density were observed during a period of 6 months after surgery in 24 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (20 women and 4 men; age 54 ± 12 years, range 26–69 years). All bone markers declined significantly within the 6 month follow-up period, but the time course for changes in renal N-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (NTx) excretion differed from those of the other markers by a steep and significant reduction ( p < 0.05) after less than 1 month. During the 6 month period, bone mineral density (BMD) increased significantly at all sites measured ( p < 0.05) apart from the femoral neck and the proximal and midforearm. The greatest increase of 4.2% was observed in the trochanteric region ( p < 0.001). The increase in BMD in spine, trochanteric, and intertrochanteric regions of the hip correlated inversely with baseline forearm BMD values ( p < 0.05). Baseline bone markers (serum alkaline phosphatase [AP], serum bone AP, serum pyridinoline crosslinked telopeptide of type 1 collagen, urinary hydroxyproline, urinary osteocalcin), as well as baseline histomorphometric indices of bone turnover (eroded and labeled surface, bone formation rate, activation frequency, and cortical porosity) were positively correlated with changes in spinal BMD over 6 months ( p < 0.05). It was concluded that, within 6 months after parathyroidectomy, patients with primary hyperparathyroidism obtain normalization of bone remodeling and a substantial increase in bone mineral density in regions rich in cancellous bone but no significant changes in regions with predominantly cortical bone.