Primary hyperparathyroidism in childrens complicated with vitamin D deficiency: an evidence-based case report

Abstract

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in children is a rare condition, co-existing with vitamin D deficiency can lead to more diagnostic uncertainty. Here we report a case of a boy with PHPT complicated with vitamin D deficient rickets. The diagnosis and treatment of this patient was analyzed against literature review to summarize evidence-based clinical features of PHPT in children. We found that compared with adult PHPT, PHPT in children is associated with severer symptoms, higher serum calcium level, lower parathyroid hormone, preponderance of single adenoma in pathology, and higher cure rate of surgery. Co-existence of osteomalacia may induce reduction of the serum calcium level to the normal range, but cause more severe bone lesions. Key words: Hyperparathyroidism; Adolescence; Vitamin D deficiency