Abstract
This review article is aimed at describing the primary healthcare system of Pakistan and its challenges in the face of epidemic of type 2 diabetes, focusing particularly on the middle-aged population of rural area of Pakistan. The main concern in Pakistan is that its middle-aged population is facing the onslaught of obesity and overweight due to lack of physical activity. In addition unhealthy eating habits making it more difficult for this population to control their weight. All these factors are contributing to a high risk of type 2 diabetes for the population of Pakistan. This article provides insight into the primary health care system of Pakistan and highlights its deficiencies by identifying that its primary healthcare system has a poor utilization of health care services, the poor accessibility to health system and poor management of diabetes by the healthcare system, gender disparity and inequity in the health care system. The primary objective of this study is to provide an overview of self-management of diabetes among the middle-aged population of Pakistan and to identify the overall deficiencies in the primary healthcare system, its delivery and access to the system, barriers to self-management of diabetes and quality of life in that region.
Highlights
Self-Management in ContextThis section gives a brief description of self-management of type 2 diabetes in the region of Pakistan, the con-
The adherence to the recommendations and barriers are both problematic for “lifestyle” behaviour such as eating patterns and physical activity rather than medication adherence [4]-[6]. This is evident from the culture, tradition and life style behaviour of the people of Pakistan that both the eating patterns and physical activity are posing a great deal of difficulties to middle-aged population in the self-management of their diabetes
This review has provided information on the self-management approach of the people suffering with diabetes in the middle-aged population of Pakistan and identified the barriers to self-management of diabetes and quality of life in that region
Summary
This section gives a brief description of self-management of type 2 diabetes in the region of Pakistan, the con-. (2016) Primary Healthcare System of Pakistan: Challenges to Self-Management of Type 2 Diabetes. The patients in Pakistan with type 2 diabetes require self-management education and understanding of this disease which in itself poses a great challenge. The adherence to the recommendations and barriers are both problematic for “lifestyle” behaviour such as eating patterns and physical activity rather than medication adherence [4]-[6]. This is evident from the culture, tradition and life style behaviour of the people of Pakistan that both the eating patterns and physical activity are posing a great deal of difficulties to middle-aged population in the self-management of their diabetes. Studies have demonstrated the strong negative and positive effects that access to resources for physical activity [11] [12] and consumption of food purchased away from home [13] have on overweight and obesity
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